Programming Fundamentals

Instructor: Arbish Akram

This course introduces the foundational concepts of programming using C++. Students learn problem solving, algorithm design, and the core constructs of structured programming including variables, control flow, functions, arrays, and pointers. No prior programming experience is required.

Text

Grading

Assignments	Quizzes	Midterm Exam	Final Exam
5%	25%	20%	50%

Schedule

Week	Topics	Slides	Quizzes	Assignments
1	Introduction to Programming Compiler vs. Interpreter, C++ Development Environment	Slides
2	Variables and Operators Data Types, Assignment and Relational Operators	Slides	Q1
3	Conditional Logic Logical and Bitwise Operators, Unary Operators, `if` / `if-else` / `if-else-if`	Slides
4	Conditional Statements Nested `if`, `switch`, Menu-Driven Programs, Character Comparison	Slides	Q2	A1
5	Loops `while`, `do-while`, `for`	Slides
6	Functions Global vs. Local Variables, Call Stack and Activation Records	Slides
7	Functions II Pass-by-Value vs. Pass-by-Reference, Inline Functions, Static Variables, Overloading	Slides	Q4
8	Midterm Exam
9	Arrays Declaration and Initialization, Out-of-Bounds Access, Passing Arrays to Functions	Slides
10	Arrays II Character and String Arrays, Static vs. Automatic Local Arrays, Constant Arrays, Multi-dimensional Arrays	Slides
11	Arrays III Linear Search, Binary Search, Bubble Sort, Selection Sort	Slides	Q5	A3
12	Recursion and Pointers Declaration and Initialization, Reference and Dereference Operators, Pointer Operators	Slides
13	Pointers II Pass-by-Value vs. Pass-by-Reference, Pointer Arithmetic, Passing Pointers to Functions, Pointers and Arrays, Arrays of Pointers	Slides	Q6	A4
14	Structures and Dynamic Memory Structures, Dynamic Memory Allocation	Slides	Q7	A5
15	File Processing Reading and Writing Text Files, `ifstream` and `ofstream`, Formatted File I/O	Slides
16	Pseudo-Random Number Generation `rand()` and `srand()`, Generating Numbers in a Range, Simple Simulations	Slides	Q8	A6

Assignments

Assignment 1 Conditional Statements
Assignment 2 Loops
Assignment 3 Arrays and Sorting
Assignment 4 Pointers
Assignment 5 Structures and Dynamic Memory
Assignment 6 File Processing and Random Number Generation

Policies

Attendance is mandatory. All submitted work must be your own; plagiarism will result in a zero grade for the assessment.